Report on Providing Safe Refuge to Journalists at Risk

The Third Report by the High Level Panel of Legal Experts on Media Freedom

Authored by Professor Can Yeginsu, Deputy Chair of The High Level Panel of Legal Experts on Media Freedom, the Panel’s report has been formally endorsed by: (i) the UN Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Opinion and Expression, (ii) the Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Expression of the Inter-American Commission, (iii) the International Bar Association’s Human Rights Institute, and (iv) every major international non-governmental organisation working to promote media freedom. By reference to real life case studies, the report examines in detail the circumstances which make relocation necessary for journalists at risk today, finding that the pathways to safety open to them are too few in number and those that do exist are too slow, burdensome, and difficult to navigate to be capable of providing practical and effective recourse.

The report recommends to members of the Media Freedom Coalition and partner States committed to the protection and promotion of media freedom: (i) the introduction of a new emergency visa for journalists at risk; and (ii) the implementation of a number of essential adjustments to the existing framework for safe relocation.

The publication of the Report was accompanied by an Op-Ed by Professor Yeginsu entitled How to Fight Truth Decay: Protect the Truth Tellers published in Just Security on 23 November 2020.

Timeline of impacts following Advisory Report

Report on Providing Safe Refuge to Journalists at Risk

  1. The Panel published its Advisory Report on 23 November 2020

    Canada pledged that it would give effect to the Panel’s recommendations at the launch of the Report.

  2. Masterclass delivered to Dutch parliamentarians

    Report Author Professor Can Yeginsu delivered a masterclass on the recommendations contained in the report, on the creation of a dedicated emergency visa for journalists human rights defenders. Following this, on 22 June, the Dutch Parliament passed three motions to call for the facilitation of emergency visas for journalists. Read more here

  3. Canada begins implementing the High Level Panel’s recommendations

    Canada implemented the High Level Panel’s recommendations on safe refuge, and launched a dedicated visa stream for 250 human rights defenders, including journalists, annually. Read more here

    Canada surpassed this number to provide 270 such visas in 2022. In July 2023, Canada announced that it would double the spaces for human rights defenders to 500 per year, which has continued to be provided annually.

  4. Third Annual Global Conference on Media Freedom

    At the Third Annual Global Conference on Media Freedom, the Czech Republic committed to providing emergency visas for journalists at risk. Watch the pledging session

  5. Lithuania issues visas for journalists

    From February to March 2022, Lithuania issued over 300 visas to journalists from Russia. Read more

  6. Czech Republic issues emergency visas

    Following their commitment to implement the High Level Panel's recommendations at the Third Annual Global Conference in Estonia, the Czech Republic provided over 800 emergency visas to human rights defenders at risk globally, including journalists, in 2022. The High Level Panel and the Czech Republic announced this implementation at a side event to the 77th UN General Assembly, 'Providing Safe Refuge to Journalists at Risk in an Increasingly Dangerous World'.

  7. Germany announces Hannah Arendt Initiative

    Germany announced the establishment of the Hannah Arendt Initiative, which provides emergency assistance to journalists from Afghanistan, Russia, Belarus and Ukraine, as well as supporting journalists in exile continue in the profession. See more

  8. Media Freedom Coalition publish annual report 

    In 2022, the Media Freedom Coalition States provided a total of 1,400 emergency visas to journalists at risk, as per the MFC's Annual Report 2022. Read more. The MFC charted progress made by Media Freedom Coalition States implementing the High Level Panel's recommendations, including Latvia providing over 200 emergency visas to journalists, and Costa Rica providing safe refuge to journalists forced to flee. Read more.

    In December 2022, Kosovo announced that it would offer shelter to 5 journalists fleeing persecution in Afghanistan.

  9. Estonia announces visa commitments

    For World Press Freedom Day at the United Nations in New York, Estonia's Deputy Foreign Minister formally announced their implementation of the High Level Panel's recommendations through their commitment to providing emergency visas, as well as 35 residency permits a year to journalists at risk annually. Watch the launch event. 

  10. Canada announces more visas

    Canada announced that to further their implementation of the High Level Panel’s recommendations on safe refuge, they would double the number of available visas for human rights defenders annually to 500. Read here.

  11. Can Yeginsu contributed to a report of the Media Freedom Rapid Response Fund

    The High Level Panel's Deputy Chair Professor Can Yeginsu contributed to a report by the Media Freedom Rapid Response Fund on emergency visas in the EU, launched at an event with the Czech Republic. Read here.

  12. Panel contributes to UN Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Expression's Report on Journalists in Exile

    The High Level Panel's Deputy Chair Professor Can Yeginsu contributed to Special Rapporteur Irene Khan's Thematic Report on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, which made recommendations to States, digital and media companies, international organizations and civil society to strengthen the safety of journalists and enhance the viability of independent media in exile. Read here.

Launch Event

The event was organised by the Secretariat to the High Level Panel of Legal Experts on Media Freedom, the International Bar Association’s Human Rights Institute, as part of the International Bar Association's Virtually Together Conference.

Opening remarks

Lord Neuberger of Abbotsbury former President of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom

Panel

Professor Can Yeginsu Barrister, 4 New Square Chambers and member of the High Level Panel
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Ms. Amal Clooney Barrister, Doughty Street Chambers and Deputy Chair of the High Level Panel
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Dr. Courtney Radsch Advocacy Director, Committee to Protect Journalists

Mr. David McCraw Vice President and Deputy General Counsel at The New York Times Company and Lecturer on Law, Harvard Law School
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Lord Ahmad of Wimbledon UK Minister for South Asia and the Commonwealth and UK Minister for Human Rights

The Honourable Irwin Cotler Chair of the Raoul Wallenberg Centre for Human Rights and former Minister of Justice and Attorney-General of Canada

Chair

Baroness Helena Kennedy QC Director, IBAHRI and member of the High Level Panel

Events

Click here to watch opening remarks from Professor Yeginsu at the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OCHCR) in May 2025.

Click here to read more about Professor Yeginsu's panel discussion on journalists in exile at the International Journalism Festival in Perugia, 2025.