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Jul 21, 2022
The article analyses the validity of earn-out clauses and the legitimacy of the provision of a purely symbolic price in sale and purchase agreements.
Space activity requires special application of law for insurance, regulatory compliance and financial risk. The session examines risk management for space activities.
IBA Annual Conference Toronto 2025
Oct 13, 2021
This article analyses the statutory approval clause, taking into account recent case law, and compares the rules governing joint stock companies and limited liability companies in Italy on this topic.
HumanRightsSpace tourism has become a hot topic with SpaceX, Virgin Galactic and Blue Origin making available space travel to anyone – at least to those who can afford the ticket price. This session will explore the legal challenges coming with this development and will focus on three aspects:
Insurance and liability – these are essential issues for anyone going on a space tour. One of the questions is about the status of space tourists. Are they considered “astronauts”? Or should they have different status yet to be determined? Travel insurers have launched insurance propositions for space tourists. What are the main considerations for such insurances?
Intellectual property – If space tourists were to conduct research and experiments leading to the development of new products, technologies etc. intellectual property rights may become an issue. Providing protection for intellectual property rights arising out of space activities will be essential in the further development of space travel and exploration. What are possible approaches to protect Intellectual Property Rights in space activities?
Human Rights and Code of Ethics – The UN World Tourism Organization developed a Global Code of Ethics for Tourism. This is a set of principles designed to guide key-players in tourism development to work towards minimizing potentially negative impact on the environment, cultural heritage and societies. Should there be a Code of Ethics for space tourism? What are the potential negative effects of space tourism requiring such a Code?
IBA Annual Conference Miami 2022

Sep 27, 2023
The rise in popularity of generative artificial intelligence (‘generative AI’) has ignited the discussion on whether junior employees can be replaced by it. Some have gone to the extent of questioning whether professionals, such as lawyers, can also be replaced by generative AI. Is it wise to replace junior employees or lawyers with generative AI? What factors should be considered before deploying generative AI tools in your business? To consider these questions, we first need to understand the basic workings of generative AI and what it can offer. Fundamentally, AI is intelligence that is not biological. The general understanding is that machines will be ascribed with this intelligence. These machines have the ability to interpret, learn from and process external data in a way that is similar to the capabilities of the human mind. Generative AI is a type of AI program that generates content from a data set. It uses deep learning, a type of machine learning system that behaves like a neural network to simulate the functions of a human brain. In other words, it can mimic human intelligence by exhibiting analytical skills to create new content. Not only can generative AI be utilised in chatbot programs to create text, but it can also be used in programs that can create images, sound or videos. This article will consider two major forms of generative AI, in the context of risks to businesses: chatbots using generative pre-trained transformer technology programs; and image generating programs.
As technology advances continually open up the ability for the world to re-engage in space, will the world be able to provide stability and consensus to countries capable of participating in research and exploration in Space. The panel will discuss international treaties and agreements already gathering momentum and members, along with changes to national legal systems to incorporate issues relating to space that have ramifications outside of their borders. The issues are many, including, intellectual property rights, insurance coverage, environmental concerns, and so much more.
IBA Annual Conference Miami 2022

Jul 08, 2025
Mediation is on the rise internationally as a means to settle disputes in a cost-effective manner. Chinese parties appear to be increasingly interested in mediation as an option. This article examines the evolving landscape of mediation in China and internationally. It considers how mediation for Chinese parties is evolving and whether mediation is a good option for Chinese parties in cross-border disputes. Commercial mediation has seen remarkable growth, bolstered by a supportive PRC judicial system and legislative initiatives encouraging parties to find harmonious ways to resolve disputes. The article analyses the three primary types of mediation in China: people’s mediation, administrative mediation, and commercial mediation. It also looks at mediation rules and proceedings in common law jurisdictions, such as Hong Kong, Singapore, and the United States. The article anecdotally considers the cultural elements, emphasising the Chinese parties’ preference for evaluative mediation styles as a reflection of civil law. Through case studies of international disputes involving Chinese and US parties, the article illustrates the practical dynamics of mediation involving Chinese parties and underscores the importance of cultural sensitivity in international mediation. As Chinese parties continue to go global, mediation is emerging as an attractive option for efficient and cost-effective dispute resolution. This analysis assesses whether the promotion of mediation is yielding tangible outcomes and explores the future of mediation involving Chinese and foreign parties.
Geospatial information is vital for national development, policy and decision-making, programs and projects, and to achieve sustainable social, environmental and economic development. While geospatial information is able to be presented in many forms and mediums, its main strength is that it provides the integrative platform for all digital data that has a location dimension to it. Collaborative information systems that are comprehensive, coordinated, and integrated, underpinned by geospatial information technologies and applications, are providing the evidence on where people interact with their place, events and activities. With rapid digital transformation of society and economy, issues, challenges and opportunities related to the acquisition, availability, accessibility and application of geospatial information, are common and experienced across various levels of society, government and economy. The need for sound and enabling policy and legal frameworks on geospatial information management to address these issues has become more critical as the acquisition and application of geospatial data become increasingly innovative and creative arising from new and emerging technologies, devices and solutions.
Since 2017, the UN-GGIM Working Group on Policy and Legal Frameworks for Geospatial Information Management, has been actively developing mechanisms for Member States to address the complex issues related to geospatial information, including custodianship, authority and authoritative data, open data, personal data, data privacy and confidentiality, data licensing, data security and geospatial data for public good. The panel shall discuss such activities, explain how the acquisition, availability, accessibility, and application of geospatial information can be addressed, and how the UN-GGIM is supporting Member States to that regard.
IBA Annual Conference Miami 2022
Several countries have already incorporated military units designated as “space forces”. National defence and security issues are no longer limited to land, air and sea but have expanded into space. Protecting critical satellite infrastructure from cyber-attacks, securing and protecting space objects in general are becoming crucial tasks. Has the principle of neutral and peaceful use of space become obsolete? We will be exploring legal issues, ethics and resolving disputes around this question against the background of recent developments that point towards the space becoming a potential legal and physical “battlefield”.
IBA Annual Conference Paris 2023
Feb 17, 2023
This article will outline the development of China’s restrictions on the cross-border transfer of personal information (PI export), detailing PI export mechanisms provided by the Personal Information Protection Law. It will also explain the practical implications of the restrictions.
LEO satellite constellations have the potential to provide connectivity in geographic areas which are hard to reach with fixed and terrestrial mobile infrastructure and also to provide services in jurisdictions with limited infrastructure. However, the operators of satellite constellations potentially face numerous legal challenges before they could be seen as significant competitors to terrestrial telecommunications infrastructure providers. Satellite constellations are subject to complex spectrum allocation, filing and coordination proceedings at international level and, subsequently, also to national spectrum assignment proceedings in order to become operational and enter the market. National security and cyber security risks, as well as potential requirements to comply with existing telecommunications infrastructure regulation, are also issues to be considered by LEO satellite operators and service providers.
IBA Annual Conference Paris 2023
Apr 22, 2022
This article discusses the recent SEC case involving PwC and highlights the wider implications for intermediary institutions providing professional services in a tightened regulatory and enforcement regime in China’s banking and financial sector.
The idea of space mining is not new. However, until recently, technological and financial constraints have prevented it from becoming a reality. This might be about to change. With the continuing decrease of launching costs and national and international efforts to private legal certainty for mining operations in space, space mining might soon attract the necessary investments to take off. Indeed, the first contracts have already been signed for the extraction and sale of lunar resources. The panel will address the advantages and challenges of mining in space, as well as the applicable legal framework.
IBA Annual Conference Mexico City 2024
Jun 12, 2024
The new Foreign State Immunity Law 2023 of the People’s Republic of China came into force on 1 January 2024. This shifts the country (as well as its special administrative regions, Hong Kong and Macau) away from absolute state immunity to restrictive state immunity, bringing it more in line with the relatively prevalent practice among the international community. This article discusses the status of state immunity in public international law, analyses the new law’s provisions and examines practical challenges that will be faced by those seeking to utilise this law to enforce judgments or awards against foreign states and state entities, and the new law’s innovations that go beyond the United Nations Convention on Jurisdictional Immunities of States and Their Property of 2004 and the UK State Immunity Act 1978.
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IBA Annual Conference Paris 2023
Mar 18, 2016
The Zika virus outbreak in Latin America and the alleged dangers it poses for unborn babies have renewed calls to relax the region’s strict abortion laws.
The outbreak began in Brazil in April last year and spread to other countries across South America, Central America and the Caribbean. In February 2016 the World Health Organisation said there was growing evidence to suggest a causative link between the spread of the virus in Brazil and the country’s rising incidence of microcephaly – a rare condition w
IBA Annual Conference Mexico City 2024
By David Ryken. The Constitutional Right to Marry: The Cayman Islands - LGBTI Committee newsletter article, May 2020.
The Omnibus Package was launched on February 26, 2025, as part of the EU’s efforts to reduce administrative burdens and enhance competitiveness. It aims to simplify sustainability reporting and harmonize due diligence requirements for businesses. The package includes amendments to CSRD, the Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CS3D), and the EU Taxonomy Regulation. In this context, Michael Spanos will address how large firms should balance compliance obligations while maintaining operational efficiency, the impacts of reduced reporting requirements on ESG strategy, how ESG due diligence must evolve to maintain compliance with CS3D, and the future of ESG reporting across the EU
ESG: the Brussels Effect at a crossroads
Jul 24, 2023
: The proposed AIA and the proposals of the PLD II and AI Liability Directives of the European Commission will significantly impact AI systems within the electronic communications sector. This article examines key components of the impending AI Regulatory Framework and its potential effects on the electronic communications sector.
IBA Annual Conference Miami 2022
In Telenor Hungary adopted on 15 September 2020, the European Court of Justice (Grand Chamber) has, for the first time, interpreted Regulation 2015/2120 on the ‘open internet’ (the Net Neutrality Regulation). Through this preliminary ruling, the Court gives some guidance on the validity and limits of so-called ‘zero-rating’ offers
IBA Annual Conference Toronto 2025
By Yi-An (Ann) Lai. Alipay and the impact of e-payment systems resulting in new regulations in China and other jurisdictions.
- Regulatory complexity and business compliance: how should large firms balance compliance with the CSRD, CS3D, and EU taxonomy while maintaining operational efficiency; common pitfalls businesses to avoid.
- Omnibus I and II – Impact on reporting obligations: strategic shifts that businesses should make in their ESG approach; unintended simplification consequences.
- Legal liability and ESG due diligence - how should corporate legal teams structure ESG due diligence to ensure compliance with mandatory human rights and environmental standards under CS3D.
- Future of ESG and regulatory harmonisation: is there room for further regulatory consolidation in ESG reporting across the EU; how might global frameworks like Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB), Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) or Securities and Exchange Commission’s sustainability disclosures interact with European directives in the future.
ESG: the Brussels Effect at a crossroads
Jun 01, 2020
On 30 January 2020, the World Health Organization declared Covid-19 to be a public health emergency of international concern. On the same day, the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT) announced that it would issue ‘force majeure certificates’ to affected Chinese companies to help minimise economic losses arising from the outbreak and consequential events.
Legal workspaces are evolving, combining physical office spaces, ‘work anywhere’ and better technology to knit the two together.
Most kinds of knowledge businesses (not only law firms) are fundamentally rethinking how work is done. New working practices capitalise on the benefits of remote working while resolving the challenges involved. Models gaining traction involve a mix of repurposed office spaces, better approaches to remote work and better technology-enabled processes to help the firm’s people collaborate effectively and optimise performance. This session will examine ‘best practice’ as it is emerging today, and speculate about how trends will unfold over the next three to five years.
IBA Annual Conference Miami 2022
Feb 19, 2024
Energy transition – the need to achieve progressive and complete decarbonisation by 2050 – presents Italy with important challenges in increasing energy production from renewable resources on the one hand, and the necessary progressive increase in the availability of utility-scale energy storage capacity on the other. The Italian legislator has acted to guarantee a long-term supply system of new storage capacity by introducing a mechanism based on competitive, transparent and non-discriminatory auctions. The system recognises the right to an annual remuneration, in exchange for the provision of the awarded capacity as part of the national energy market.
Various rules have been modified recently to grant arbitrators authority to exclude counsel. Many practitioners believe this is going too far. This session will discuss this topic.
IBA Annual Conference Miami 2022
Nov 25, 2020
This session at the IBA’s Virtually Together Conference launched the fourth report by the High Level Panel of Legal Experts on Media Freedom to which the IBA’s Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) acts as Secretariat. The report author, Nadim Houry, was joined by members of the High Level Panel and other legal experts to explore media freedom in crisis and the report’s recommendations.
This panel will explore the complexities involved in the restructuring of distressed insurance companies. The primary goal in such restructurings is to ensure the most favourable outcome for policyholders. This discussion will delve into the optimal strategies for achieving this objective and the differences that arise across various insurance categories.
29th Annual IBA Global Insolvency and Restructuring Conference
Oct 02, 2023
The introduction of the competition framework is reshaping how oil and gas transactions are operated in Angola. Although recent practice by the Angolan Competition Authority appears to be consistent, a formal position can help to bring clarity. Parties should adjust completion conditions accordingly to strike the right balance between execution and compliance risks.
The session will take stock of the developments made in cross-border legal practice up to now, reviewing the jurisdictions having opened their legal services market to the practice of foreign lawyers and law firms and assessing what the experience has been. The session will also discuss the rising challenges to globalisation (eg, sanctions, decoupling and de-dollarisation) and the impact, if any, on trade in legal services.
IBA Annual Conference Mexico City 2024
Jul 12, 2021
A report on a conference session at the 10th annual IBA Finance and Capital Markets Tax Virtual Conference 2021. The panel discussed the current trends in merger and acquisition (M&A) structuring and taxation from a multi-jurisdictional perspective, focusing on Europe, the United Kingdom and United States.
This session focuses on the critical mining industry and reviews the potential disputes that might arise.
IBA Annual Conference Toronto 2025
Feb 28, 2023
The panel discussed a selection of developments and trends in cross-border M&A structures. The panel started with cross-border demergers, split-ups and spin-offs. Various Canadian, Irish and Swiss structures were presented. Then cross-border leveraged buyouts were discussed based on a German case study. The panel continued with cross-border joint ventures, zooming in on Pillar II complications and a recent Spanish case. The final developments presented were migrations and conversions, mainly focusing on European Union developments in this respect.
All Officers of Committees within the Section are expected to attend.
By invitation only: IBA Mid-Year Leadership Meetings 2023
Current Legal Developments. Report on a session of the Corporate and M&A Law Committee at the IBA Annual Conference, Seoul
Tuesday 24 September 2019
This LPD Showcase session will be divided into two panels:
Panel 1: Fashionably Metaverse, AI and Web3: everything you need to know about the intersection of fashion and technology
Major luxury brands are seeking creative ways to embrace high technology. The Louis Vuitton Group launched Louis, a game, which gave players the opportunity to win historical postcard NFTs. Valentino partnered with UNXO to opening doors to never-before-seen digital and physical hybrid experiences. Together Balmain released a Balmain X Barbie collection bringing the famous dolls to the Metaverse. Many have partnered with Roblox and Fornite to sell digital goods while some have used web3 tools to have virtual concerts and worlds. This session will not only explain and exemplify AI, Web3, Metaverse and other virtual worlds, it will also explore the evolution of technology incorporated in all phases of fashion – from production to consumer sales - whether digitally or in bricks and mortar stores, as well as the promotion, marketing and content creation strategies being utilized by fashion brands.
Panel 2: Fashionably Metaverse, AI and Web3: the future of fashion, retail and technology
Just as styles come and go, so do the tools utilized by fashion brands to sell those clothes. Building on session one, this session will take a look at where fashion is going, so that attendees can be prepared to assist clients with the latest developments in this fascinating and rapidly changing world! The session will also discuss how traditional high-end fashion is embracing high-tech in ways never imagined before. What does the future of shopping look like? We will look further at IP protection strategies and infringements, how they can be litigated, and what jurisdictions and laws apply. Additionally, the session will discuss sourcing challenges in light of ESG (environmental, social and governance) and how tech can aid, as well as slow, fashion trends (including commercial implications and how to maintain customer intimacy online).
IBA Annual Conference Paris 2023
This article considers the position under English law for parties seeking to injunct proceedings in other jurisdictions in breach of a valid agreement to arbitrate. English courts have shown great willingness to grant such injunctions in appropriate cases. Recent case law demonstrates the English courts’ commercial mindedness and adherence to a strongly pro-arbitration policy. However, different considerations apply in instances where the non-arbitration proceedings are issued in a European Union state.
IBA European Fashion and Luxury Law Conference
May 19, 2021
The pandemic has seen a change in the landscape of deals, which raises novel issues for advisers. The use of Special Purpose Acquisition Companies (SPACs) has dramatically increased. In an effort to deal with business uncertainty, contingent consideration and rollover equity are becoming a greater component of consideration paid by buyers. Distressed property sales have grown, which raises issues on how to deal with existing debt and limit adverse tax effects for borrowers and lenders alike. Broken deals have increased, raising even more complexity.
To simplify or not to simplify: implications and reflections on the EU Omnibus Package
This article focuses on the potential effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on M&A transactions. The effects on several phases or instruments such as due diligence, material adverse effect clauses, price Adjustments and earn outs are discussed.
Presented by the Intellectual Property and Entertainment Law Committee, Arts, Cultural Institutions and Heritage Law Committee, Space Law Committee, Media Law Committee, Technology law Committee and Communications Law Committee.
This very dynamic and well-attended session enables you to select from a menu of hot topics in the IP, communications, media and technology sectors and participate in roundtable discussions.
Topics of current interest are selected to stimulate a lively debate. Moderators on each table introduce the table topic and the participants do the rest. Background knowledge or experience within areas for discussion is not required. Our menu will include hot and 'late breaking' topics in the areas of intellectual property law, internet law and mobile technologies, privacy and data protection, technology contracting and dispute resolution, arts law and space law.
Discussion is usually around the interface of law, business and technology, with a global focus. Many topics for discussion are often the subject of considerable public and media interest. In participating in the table topics you will gain a deeper insight into these areas and be able to add your own comments.
The format is interactive networking. The session will provide you with a great opportunity to meet many other lawyers and to discuss topics of mutual interest with them: don't forget your business cards, ecards and contact details to share. We welcome new participants in these discussions.
The following topics will be discussed during the session, with the help of the respective moderators identified for each topic:
1. Hot topics in Privacy and Data Protection
- Processing of underage’s personal data
- Internal investigations conducted by private companies
- Cross-border data transfers
- Cooperation with investigations/criminal procedures initiated by public authorities
- Data Protection Laws - Scope / Exemptions
- Multiple sanctions due to the simultaneous violation of a data protection law and other laws (e.g. consumers; antitrust)
- Overview about sanctions and fines
2. Contracts for Clouds: what’s in the standard terms and what can you negotiate?
- What’s in a typical cloud contract?
- How do AWS, Google, and Microsoft deal with issues like choice of law and forum, liability, service levels, termination, and more?
- Are standard cloud contracts evolving?
- When can customers negotiate with cloud providers?
3. Geospatial Data management – an opportunity for growth
Geospatial information is vital for national development, policy and decision-making, programs and projects, and to achieve sustainable social, environmental and economic development. The main strength of geospatial information is that it provides the integrative platform for all digital data that has a location dimension to it. Collaborative information systems that are comprehensive, coordinated, and integrated, underpinned by geospatial information technologies and applications, are providing the evidence on where people interact with their place, events and activities. With rapid digital transformation of society and economy, issues, challenges and opportunities related to the acquisition, availability, accessibility and application of geospatial information, are common and experienced across various levels of society, government and economy. The need for sound and enabling policy and legal frameworks on geospatial information management to address these issues has become more critical as the acquisition and application of geospatial data become increasingly innovative and creative arising from new and emerging technologies, devices and solutions.
Since 2017, the UN-GGIM Working Group on Policy and Legal Frameworks for Geospatial Information Management, has been actively developing mechanisms to address the complex issues related to geospatial information, including custodianship, authority and authoritative data, open data, personal data, data privacy and confidentiality, data licensing, data security and geospatial data for public good. We will explain how the acquisition, availability, accessibility, and application of geospatial information can be addressed, through a wide array of tools and resources developed with the collaboration of the IBA.
4. 5G Delivery structures
The roll out of 5G will entail large investments for mobile carriers, not just in their having to bid for spectrum allocation but mainly for infrastructure and hardware investments. The high cell density required for the operation of 5G networks also magnifies these concerns. In the wake of fierce market competition and declining revenues per customer, carriers have been innovating how they are approaching 5G infrastructure investments, including for example, entering into infrastructure and services sharing arrangements, along with developing solutions to improve and secure their radio access networks. Join us as we discuss the challenges faced by mobile carriers and novel approaches taken by them in response.
5. Can Legal Tech create increased revenues for law firms?
What are the pitfalls? Best practices from around the globe.
6. Regulating Internet and platforms around the world
Since Apple and Meta (aka Facebook) displaced legacy enterprises and Alphabet (aka Google) declared its victory against Yahoo, regulators waited for the day digital markets would correct themselves. In the meantime, they also had greenlighted some acquisitions and seemed to have regretted clearing some in hindsight. The wait is over, though: regulators recently changed the tack, and competition policy is poised to favour increased interventions towards big tech. Although killer acquisitions and new ex ante competition tools to address the sources of big tech's market power and overcome the barriers to entry are at the centre of the heated discussions, they all come down to fostering innovation. In recent years, regulators have taken bold steps and expanded the scope of innovation theories of harm to justify interventions. Yet there are serious questions concerning whether competition authorities could genuinely grasp the nature of competition in digital markets and, if so, whether they have the foresight to predict the level of innovation in counterfactuals without compromising evidence-based enforcement. This table will get to the bottom of these questions by analysing the sources of innovation in high-tech markets: is big always bad?
7. 2022 Technology and IP Disputes Update
This topic would allow for discussion of the major cases involving technology and IP disputes in different countries including identification of trends in technology disputes and dispute resolution processes.
8. AdTech, Tracking, Cookies and Pixels – thoughts on where things are heading
Tracking devices (whether cookies, pixels or whatever) have been under scrutiny from regulators around the world. In this session we will be looking at the comparative approaches in Latin America, Europe and the US.
9. Patent Litigation Funding – Support to Patent Owners or Patent Troll in Sheep’s Clothing
Table will discuss the growing use of Litigation Funding in IP related litigation matters. Discussion will include experiences with funders and cases supported by them. The group will also explore whether funding provides access to the courts for those without means to enforce their valuable rights or whether it encourages frivolous filings that would not have otherwise been filed or few settlements in the hopes of large returns.
10. The copyright protection over “concept stores” and/or format The idea to attract the customer’s attention using the environment in which the purchasing processes are generated has been spreading over the last years. It does not refer only to the way in which products are presented but also to the general appearance and mood of the shop and to the impact that it has on customers. In this scenario, concept stores are becoming increasingly popular in retail but retailers have had varying degrees of success in protecting the format or layout of their stores. This topic will explore how different jurisdictions and different IP laws can protect concept stores and will consider a hypothetical scenario based on a recent Italian Court of Appeal decision. Participants are encouraged to share their views and experiences from their own jurisdictions in an open discussion about the practicalities of using IP laws to protect the layout of a store, the shape or configuration of different display elements, or the overall look and feel of a concept store.
11. The impact of the Digital Services Act (on intellectual property rights and technology)
The DSA will seek to set standards for accountability in the digital marketplace. Much uncertainty remains about what the practical consequences of the DSA are for e-commerce, and how the balance of interests will play out IP owners see the DSA as a step forward, that gives e-commerce platforms greater responsibility. They believe that although it could have been more ambitious, it is an improvement on the status quo. The tech industry is globally satisfied, insofar as the DSA incorporates the principle that digital service providers are immune from liability for the unlawful content they host, provided they were not aware it was unlawful or acted promptly to remove or to block access to it once made aware. However, this principle is clarified in the DSA, which adds new prohibitions and highly restrictive obligations.
This table topic will be a good opportunity for anticipating and discussing these consequences.
12. Underutilized procedural methods for getting patents allowed in the U.S. and Europe and India
In recent years the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) has introduced procedural programs and reforms that are designed to expedite, simplify or improve examination for applicants. In similar fashion to the USPTO, the European Patent Office and Indian Patent Office have procedural programs that can be used as alternatives to normal patent examination. These programs, when used properly, can help applicants achieve faster favourable outcomes.
13. We are Running Out of Trademarks – Combatting this Problem with New Forms of Trademark Protection
Discussion on how brand owners are protecting their valuable trademark rights when it seems that all trademark options have been exhausted. How do you advise clients and their marketing teams when every mark they consider is unavailable?
Are more Non-Traditional Trademarks (NTMs) – a valuable addition
14. This table will have two rotating topics
a. Space Arbitration
- Available dispute resolution mechanisms (Claims Commission under the Liability Convention; ITU; ESA; national courts; international arbitration)
- The advantages of arbitration
- Need for promotion of the sector-specific arbitration rules
- Arbitration clauses in coordination agreements to ensure arbitrability of violations
- Need for dispute resolution mechanisms for disputes relating to physical collisions
b. Space Debris
Space Debris: the problem – crowding of earth orbit and growth of satellite numbers, formation of debris and the need to solve the problem - ESA and UN solutions
Impact on the long-term use of space.
15. This table will have two rotating topics
a. Fair Use
The development of fair use in the visual arts.
From Tintin to Hopper; The Andy Warhol Estate’s appeal against photographer Lynn Goldsmith, the mandatory inclusion of “Pastiche” as an exception to infringement in the EU Directive (EU) 2019/790 on copyright in the Digital Single Market and more.
b. Antiquities / Foreign State
The second topic concerns the impact of the litigation and now appeal of Turkey’s lawsuit against Christie’s and collector Michael Steinhardt over the so-called “Stargazer” figurine. This lawsuit tests the boundaries of sovereign actors asserting cultural property rights outside their borders but in the civil litigation context.
16. "Fake News!" or Free Speech?
Whether QAnon or Sputnik news, vaccine scaremongering or hate speech, everyone is concerned about the spread misinformation and disinformation online. Are there circumstances where restrictions on speech or bans on specific speakers can be justified? Can such restrictions be reconciled with national or international human rights regimes? Who gets to decide what is fake or real? Members of the Media Law Committee look forward to exploring these topics with you.
IBA Annual Conference Miami 2022
Trends in Private M&A: Representations and Warranties Indemnity Insurance. Report on a session of the Closely Held and Growing Business Enterprises Committee and the Corporate and M&A Law Committee at the IBA Annual Conference, Seoul
Wednesday, 25 September 2019
Jurisdictions around the world are seeking to reshape or control the impact of the major tech and social media platforms. In this session, we will examine two regulatory trends and how they may change internet and society. First, there is growing concern about the role and power of algorithms to amplify or minimise content in ways that affect individuals' beliefs, opportunities, and wellbeing. What would it mean to regulate algorithms? Would that entail costs to freedom of expression? What regulatory efforts are underway and how could they reshape the digital landscape? Second, many jurisdictions have moved to force digital platforms like Google and Facebook to compensate news organisations for the use of their content. Why are platforms being asked to compensate news organisations? How have the platforms responded? And what impact will such efforts have?
IBA Annual Conference Miami 2022

Oct 20, 2021
The United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union (Brexit) has brought about significant changes to international dispute resolution in the UK and, insofar as disputes have a UK nexus, in the EU. In particular, since the end of the transition period, the Brussels Recast Regulation, which provides, inter alia, for the free circulation of judgments between EU Member States, no longer applies in the UK. Neither does it apply in the EU to judgments rendered by UK courts. Similarly, the UK has lost its access to the Lugano Convention. As the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement does not include rules on private international law, many important questions for cross-border dispute resolution between the EU and the UK are now determined by other multilateral treaties (notably the Hague Convention on Choice of Court Agreements) and domestic private international law rules. This article discusses the impact of Brexit on the litigation and arbitration of commercial disputes from both EU and UK perspectives. In particular, this article considers the impact of Brexit on the following key issues: jurisdiction agreements and the enforcement of foreign judgments, choice of law and arbitration. The article analyses the changes brought about by Brexit to the legal landscape for dispute resolution and considers the consequences such changes may have for parties’ choice of law and forum.
This very dynamic and well-attended session enables you to select from a menu of hot topics in intellectual property, communication, media and technology sectors and participate in roundtable discussions. Topics of current interest are selected to stimulate a lively debate. Moderators on each table introduce the table topic and the participants do the rest. Background knowledge or experience within areas for discussion is not required. Our menu will include hot and "late-breaking" topics in the areas of intellectual property law, internet law and mobile technology, privacy and data protection, technology contracting and dispute resolution, arts law, media and space law. Discussion is usually around the interface of law, business, technology and culture, with a global focus. Many topics for discussion are often the subject of considerable public and media interest. In participating in the table topics, you will gain a deeper insight into these areas and be able to add your own comments. The format of the session is interactive networking. It will provide you with a great opportunity to meet many other lawyers and to discuss topics of mutual interest with them: please, do not forget your business cards and e-cards.
1. Moral rights
‘Who’s afraid of droit moral?' Paris might be the birthplace of the moral rights of the author enjoying copyright protection but the concept is worldwide and enshrined in the Berne Convention. In some anglo-saxon jurisdictions a complete waiver of moral rights is sought. The panel will discuss the effect of such waivers, with specific focus on contracts in the entertainment and software industry.
2. Distinct politics – politicians using music, names signs and logos
Political parties and politicians also need to distinguish themselves by using names, signs, music and slogans, the panel will address how the IP law and public policies ruling the political campaigns are coherent or increases the chances of conflicts of laws and whether or not the actual conflicts could be solved?
3. Generative AI
Generative AI systems pose intriguing questions to society and law. According to ChatGPT the current legal issues “include intellectual property rights, liability for AI-generated content, data privacy and security, transparency and explainability of AI systems, and ethical considerations such as bias and discrimination. Additionally, there are ongoing discussions around whether AI-generated works should be eligible for copyright protection and who should be held responsible for any potential harm caused by AI systems.” At the round table these topics, and especially copyright, data privacy and (product) liability, will be discussed.
4. Emerging technologies and AI in healthcare and life sciences – IP, legal and ethical consequences
To discuss the legal, IP, regulatory and ethical implications and consequences arising out of the use of generative AI tools in the healthcare and life sciences areas. Generative AI is evolving rapidly with the release of ChatGPT, Bard, Claude, etc. As exciting as this technology sounds in terms of the endless opportunities, it poses a number of challenges, especially in the area of medicine, healthcare, life sciences and ownership of IP rights. This roundtable proposes to discuss all these aspects and more.
5. The Importance of IP in the protection of traditional Knowledge and cultural expressions
Traditional knowledge (TK) refers to the accumulated knowledge, innovations, and practices developed and preserved by indigenous communities and local cultures over generations.
Traditional cultural expressions (TCEs) are the manifestations of traditional knowledge, folklore, and cultural heritage that are deeply rooted in the cultural and social identities of indigenous communities and traditional societies.
Genetic Resources instead refers to material found in plants, animals, and microorganisms that possess genetic information of potential value.
This session will focus on the intersection between Intellectual Property (IP), Traditional Knowledge, and Traditional Cultural Expressions (TCEs) Participants are invited to share and exchange views on these issues including the protection of traditional medicine, appellations of origin, geographical indications and collective marks.
6. AI and the law: navigating the legal landscape of artificial intelligence with a media focus
There are several legal issues that arise from the use of artificial intelligence (AI), including:
- Liability: One of the main legal issues with AI is who is responsible if an AI system causes harm. Should it be the designer or developer of the AI system, the owner of the system, or the user of the system?
- Intellectual Property: AI can create new inventions and works of art that may raise questions about who owns the intellectual property rights. For example, who owns the copyright to a song written by an AI system?
- Privacy: AI systems can collect and process vast amounts of personal data, which raises questions about data protection and privacy.
- Discrimination: There is a risk that AI systems can reinforce existing biases and discrimination in society. This raises questions about how to ensure that AI is developed and used in a fair and non-discriminatory manner.
- Regulation: The rapid pace of technological change in the AI field means that existing regulations may not be adequate. This raises questions about how to regulate AI in a way that promotes innovation while also protecting public safety and other important values.
7. Recent developments in space law
- On tourism in space.
- Ethics in space.
- Debris mitigation.
Special areas:
- Dispute resolution.
- Arbitration for space law.
- Space areas for dispute – ideas of solving them.
8. Copying anterior art work(s)
- Comment on the Warhol US Supreme court ruling and other jurisdictions rules.
What is a fake in art (and law)?
- A new law is currently discussed in France and other jurisdictions rules.
9. Open banking
At the crossroads of technology and financial regulation, open banking promises to change the way we interact with money, helping consumers gain better control and financial freedom through more flexible financial services powered by technological innovation.
Open banking, as a set of technologies, provides a method for an authorized party (like a fintech) to access a customer’s financial information (like its bank account) in the same way that the authorizing customer can, whether it is by looking at the information, or initiating payments on behalf of the customer.
The way in which countries have dealt with the regulatory challenges of this fast-changing environment is vastly different, and the success of any legal design over another to support the growth of this market while fostering financial inclusion and protecting consumers privacy is still yet to be determined.
This roundtable seeks to discuss:
- What is open banking.
- Regulatory driven and industry driven approaches to open banking.
- Evolution from open banking to open finance to open data.
- New capabilities of APIs, beyond payments.
- Points to consider when advising FinTech companies in the open banking sector.
- Privacy challenges on the implementation of an open banking environment.
10. Learning to be lawful: Understanding Competition Law in an Algorithmic Era
Implications of algorithms in terms of competition liability and the use of more advanced (i.e. machine learning) algorithms have been heavily debated since the publication of the final report on the E-commerce sector inquiry in May 2017 in the EU. Although the topic has been popular among scholars, there have been a scarcity of case law since then. However it seems that competition authorities have started picking up on harms to competition (and consumers) arising from algorithmic systems again. For example, in the paper that was published in 2021, the Competition Market Authority (UK) (CMA) reminded that they will 'monitor developments in the application of machine learning … to ensure that they do not lead to anti-competitive behaviour or consumer detriment' as part of the new ex-ante regime for digital markets. Recently the Korea Fair Trade Commission (KFTC) also decided that the technology platforms, Naver and Kakao, engaged in an unlawful algorithm manipulation. In these cases the KFTC have also tested their abilities to detect and prove anticompetitive effects of algorithms.
Some of the issues we propose to discuss:
- The role of algorithms in anti-competitive practices (e.g. algorithmic collusion, exclusionary practices) and the main legal questions they pose for practitioners (e.g. liability).
- The reasons of why there have been only a few cases on anticompetitive use of algorithms and whether KFTC's decisions can potentially turn the tide.
- Advising clients on mitigation of risk associated with the use of algorithms.
11. AI and data privacy / sports and e-sports data
This round table would look at the treatment of personal data in the context of sports and e-sports, focussing on Project Red Card and claims that data companies are using players' personal data without the right to do so. Speakers from the UK and one other jurisdiction (possibly North American) will outline arguments for and against the rights of players – and the interests of data, betting and gaming and e-sports companies. With sports data at the core of huge business valuations, might data rights (rather than IP rights in databases) be the next battlefield?
Advising clients on mitigation of risk associated with the use of algorithms.
12. Auditing AI - How to address the risks of bias and discrimination in your AI tools
As AI becomes more sophisticated, companies are increasingly relying on it to power everything from enterprise systems to marketing campaigns. However, several companies have been burned by AI products that have been released into the public and later demonstrated bias or discriminatory results (who remembers Microsoft’s Twitter chatbot?). In addition to the potential for legal liability, AI bias can also result in brand and reputational damage. To stay ahead of these issues, companies should be implementing programs to audit the use of AI in their tools. In this roundtable, we will discuss the regulations and guidelines we can leverage to create frameworks for auditing AI, the key stakeholders who should have a role in the process, and the checkpoints and checklists that companies are leveraging to help their teams understand how to identify and address these risks.
13. Global tech legal showdown
This session will look at the trends in global technology disputes with regional expert commentary into current litigation in UK, EU, US, Australia and Asia (Latam could also be included). The session will also provide some useful legal and practical insights for non-litigators –commercial tech lawyers on how to minimize the risk of their tech agreements being subjected to regulatory or court scrutiny.
14. Transactions in the Metaverse
- Same as in a “traditional” Internet environment?
- How to best protect “ownership”.
- Use of NFTs.
Participant to the roundtable may expect to get a better understanding of the differences between transactions in the Metaverse and traditional transactions, including under the legal, operational and commercial angles. Also, the question of forum shopping is of a renewed acute nature, since transactions in the Metaverse are likely to see various Courts, in various countries, rule that they have jurisdiction over these cases, which is likely to lead to new difficulties. Participants will discuss how to tackle these aspects, after having also laid out the various use cases of NFTs.
By engaging with experts and discussing these issues with other participants, they will be able to identify potential solutions to these challenges and gain a better understanding of how to navigate them. Overall, the roundtable provides an opportunity for participants to deepen their knowledge of the metaverse and NFTs from a legal and operational perspective, learn about best practices, and network with other professionals in the field.
15. Digital market act and digital service act: a blueprint for global digital regulation
This table will discuss new EU legislation that has been adopted, and that is still in proposal stage, as part of the EU Digital Single Market and Digital Decade strategies, with an emphasis not only on risks but also opportunities, and the challenges presented to in-house lawyers. Laws discussed would include the DSA, DMA and AI Act, but also lesser-known laws like the Platform Work Directive and the proposals regarding product liability.
16. Low Earth orbit satellite services to rule the world?
LEO satellite constellations have the potential to provide connectivity in geographic areas which are hard to reach with fixed and terrestrial mobile infrastructure and also to provide services in jurisdictions with limited infrastructure. However, the operators of satellite constellations potentially face numerous legal challenges before they could be seen as significant competitors to terrestrial telecommunications infrastructure providers. Satellite constellations are subject to complex spectrum allocation, filing and coordination proceedings at international level and, subsequently, also to national spectrum assignment proceedings in order to become operational and enter the market. National security and cyber security risks, as well as potential requirements to comply with existing telecommunications infrastructure regulation, are also issues to be considered by LEO satellite operators and service providers.
IBA Annual Conference Paris 2023
By Giuseppe Coco. Closely Held and Growing Business Enterprises second virtual retreat.
This very dynamic and well-attended session enables you to select from a menu of hot topics in the IP, communications, media and technology sectors and participate in roundtable discussions.
Topics of current interest are selected to stimulate a lively debate. Moderators on each table introduce the table topic and the participants do the rest. Background knowledge or experience within areas for discussion is not required. Our menu will include hot and 'late breaking' topics in the areas of intellectual property law, internet law and mobile technologies, privacy and data protection, technology contracting and dispute resolution, arts law, media and space law.
Discussion is usually around the interface of law, business, technology and culture, with a global focus. Many topics for discussion are often the subject of considerable public and media interest. In participating in the table topics you will gain a deeper insight into these areas and be able to add your own comments.
The format is interactive networking. The session will provide you with a great opportunity to meet many other lawyers and to discuss topics of mutual interest with them: don't forget your business cards, ecards and contact details to share. We welcome new participants in these discussions.
The following topics will be discussed during the session, with the help of the respective moderators identified for each topic:
1. UPC - A review of the UPC one year on
The first year of the unified patent court has passed and we would like to take the opportunity to discuss some key takeaways and future developments.
Christophe Ronse
Hannah Tillus
Intellectual Property and Entertainment Law Committee
_ _ _ _
2. Don’t mind the AI behind the curtain
Patent inventorship and disclosure issues. We know AI cannot be an inventor for patent purposes, but what is required when there is an AI assist.
Jeff Costelia
Deepa Tiku
Amrish Tiwari
Intellectual Property and Entertainment Law Committee
_ _ _ _
3.What is all this stuff? When did AI become my personal shopper?
A discussion on the effects AI will have on brands and consumer interactions with them.
Rebecca McDougall
Chris Jordan
Intellectual Property and Entertainment Law Committee
_ _ _ _
4. Personality as a Brand
Trademarking the name or likeness of a person. (e.g. image & publicity rights). Is it time for image rights?
Gloria Niembro
Alfred Meijboom
Andrea Fierros
Intellectual Property and Entertainment Law Committee
_ _ _ _
5. New EU regulation for non-agri geographical indications
(worldwide approaches towards GIs for non-agricultural products)
Sarah Drukarch
Ruben Hofmann
Intellectual Property and Entertainment Law Committee
_ _ _ _
6. AI and copyright: (un)fair use?
AI relies on the use of copyrighted works as a resource. Is this a copyright infringement? Do copyright exceptions apply? Does it make sense that the EU regulates AI on the basis of market access? Do the views in the US on fair use change as the AI market changes? What are the perspectives in other territories.
Simone Lahorgue
Herman Croux
Gregor Bühler
Intellectual Property and Entertainment Law Committee
_ _ _ _
7. Navigating the Evolving Landscape of Cyber Security Regulations
In today's digital landscape, organisations face significant challenges in ensuring system and data security due to increasingly sophisticated cyber threats. Regulatory bodies have responded with frameworks like the EU's NIS 2 Directive and the Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA), which expand the scope of covered entities and impose stringent security requirements. These regulations emphasise management's role in cybersecurity decision-making and necessitate proactive risk management, incident response, and reporting. This session will explore the key provisions of these regulations, best practices for compliance, and the evolving regulatory landscape to enhance organisational resilience against cyber threats.
Søren Skibsted
Joost Schmaal
Technology Law Committee
_ _ _ _
8. Hot topics in Tech M&A
This round table would include the discussion of current trends in M&A transactions in the technology sector. These transactions, which have been predominant during recent years, present changing standards relating to issues such as reps and warranties and their insurance, the use of AI, managing data and geographical differences.
Yuval Horn
Alethea Au
Technology Law Committee
_ _ _ _
9. AI Tables
(a) AI Governance – developing and using AI
This round table discussion will focus on AI governance under the EU AI Act. We will explore effective strategies for managing AI governance projects, including collaboration with clients and sharing best practices. The co-moderators will discuss challenges with regard to qualifying software as AI (AIS) or General Purpose AI models (GPAIM) under to the AI Act, classifying the risk levels of AI systems and identifying clients' roles as addressees of the AI Act . This session aims to share practical approaches and to exchange different AI legislation or ways of dealing with AI between the participants in the countries in which they operate.
Marlene Schreiber
Elizabeth Vestin
Elisa Henry
(b) Legal obligations applicable to AI developers, distributors and deployers
While recent legislation in the field of AI (particularly, the European AI Act) is focused at a great extent on so-called high risk AI systems, there exist a number of general legal duties which will be deemed applicable to any such system. Indeed, obligations related to transparency, explainability of decisions or human supervision will apply to any type of AI tool. Apart from those obligations, other ones deriving from different legal areas (such as personal data protection) shall also apply. The goal for this table would be letting attendants understand the minimum legal duties that any developer, distributor or deployer of AI systems must fulfill, regardless of its actual risk-qualification, and the best way to implement the corresponding measures. This would be done on a compared basis, taking into account different legal frameworks dealing with this type of technology.
Albert Agustinoy
Larissa Galimberti
Gustavo Giay
Technology Law Committee
_ _ _ _
10. A Transatlantic Dialogue: Legal Approaches to Automated Decision-Making
As automated decision-making continues to permeate industries like finance, healthcare, and public administration, understanding the legal implications becomes crucial for professionals navigating this space. Participants will gain insights into the requirements in Europe, including GDPR’s right to explanation and the risk-based regulatory proposals and the AI Act’s comprehensive approach to regulating AI systems; alongside the U.S.’s sector-specific approach and its emphasis on anti-discrimination measures. This roundtable will also compare relevant case law and the underlying reasons between the approaches to policymaking on automated decisions in the US, Europe, and other regions; how best to balance innovation with consumer protection, ensure ethical compliance, and potentially harmonise standards across jurisdictions.
Paulina Silva
Jessica Lee
Erik Valgaeren
Technology Law Committee
_ _ _ _
11. How to stay compliant with ever-changing AI-related competition rules
AI is transforming markets (including the market for AI foundation models) and regulators are trying to react them as quickly as possible. In this dynamic environment, it may be difficult for businesses to stay on top all the changes and ensure that they are on the right side of the rules. This roundtable aims to discuss regulators’ responses to AI in the context of the EU’s Digital Markets Act (DMA) and the UK’s Digital Markets, Competition and Consumer Bill (DMCC). We will also look at the US approach and discuss how divergences between jurisdictions might affect cross-border businesses.
Nazli Cansin Karga
Anne Vallery
Sam Feder
Guilherme Ribas
Technology Law Committee
Communications Law Committee
_ _ _ _
12. AI & Health
This table will explore the capabilities of AI-powered virtual assistants in providing health advice, reminding patients about medications, and remotely monitoring health conditions. This session will also address the challenges and solutions related to securing sensitive health data when using these AI systems, including data encryption and anonymisation techniques.
Doil Son
Paul Johns
Özge Atılgan Karakulak
Technology Law Committee
Intellectual Property and Entertainment Law Committee
_ _ _ _
13. Navigating Free Expression, Responsibility, and Cultural Sensitivity in Social Media and Technology
The digital landscape, while promoting free expression, poses challenges in balancing this freedom with responsibility, especially regarding cultural and ethical considerations. Section 230(c)(1) of the Communications Decency Act grants immunity to digital publishers, but issues arise when content moderation intersects with cultural sensitivity and protecting communities. This session will explore the dynamics of free speech, cultural sensitivity, and platform responsibility, including Section 230(c)(1)'s implications, case studies like Twitter[X]'s refusal to remove sensitive content, and the role of technologies like generative AI in content moderation.
Katarina Klaric
Florencia Rosati
Lynda Zadra-Symes
Technology Law Committee
Intellectual Property and Entertainment Law Committee
_ _ _ _
14. Deglobalisation and its impact on the communication sector
This roundtable will look at growing FDI regimes, bans, security restrictions, etc. in a global context.
Laurent De Muyter
Kensuke Inoue
Laurence Bary
Nana Adjoa Adobea Asante
Communications Law Committee
_ _ _ _
15. Improving global connectivity
This roundtable will look at new Technology (LEO, fiber, 6G etc.), legal/regulatory restrictions to data flows, and digital cooperation, in the context of the compute power revolution (Gen AI, Cloud computing, etc.).
Pascal Dutru
Innocenzo Genna
Nana Adjoa Adobea Asante
Communications Law Committee
_ _ _ _
16. Hot topics in Art Law
The Vitruvian Man: Renaissance of Leonardo da Vinci’s copyright. Should museums use their collections as assets or share knowledge, in the spirit of enlightenment?
Steven Schindler
Restitution: Comment on the European court of human rights holding Italy is the rightful owner of Getty Museum bronze statue.
Xi Minjie
Art, Cultural Institutions and Heritage Law Committee
_ _ _ _
17. Parallels between TV formats and AI-created content
If it is not copyrightable, can we still monetise it, and how?
Elizabeth Morley
Rajesh Sreenivasan
Media Law Committee
_ _ _ _
18. Hot topics in Space Law
Sustainability of space activities – current and future.
Luca Laboni
Nana Adjoa Adobea Asante
Updates on Domestic space law, commercial rights for Space entrepreneurs, LEO and applications.
Laura Zielinski
Grace Nacimiento
Bob Calmes
Peaceful uses of space (military implications, defense/security issues).
Kevin Pomfret
Salvador Rodríguez Artacho
Power sources – micro nuclear reactors designed for space activity – mining on the moon.
Paul Monaghan
John Caruso
Space Law Committee
IBA Annual Conference Mexico City 2024
Almost two years after the full applicability of the GDPR, the Italian Data Protection Authority has sanctioned two operators, Eni Gas e Luce and TIM. The fines were raised in connection to absence or inadequacy of business operating procedures concerning the processing of clients’ data for marketing purposes
In a time marked by unprecedented advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), organisations are increasingly harnessing its power into their operations to drive innovation and gain competitive advantages. At the same time, the responsible use of AI is essential to ensuring that its obvious benefits do not come at the expense of fairness, privacy or collective well-being, and ensuring that regulatory requirements are met.
This panel will explore the role of governance (regulatory challenges and creation of acceptable use policies) in guiding organisations’ AI strategies, promoting fair AI practices and mitigating potential regulatory risks and challenges. The panel will also address some of the different approaches to regulation being adopted internationally.
Discussion areas will include:
• Regulations governing AI: challenges that businesses may face with assessing and complying with regulatory frameworks around their use of AI programs.
• Ethical, practical and legal considerations on AI use in organisations: algorithm bias, privacy, confidentiality, impact on employment and how to address these challenges through an acceptable use policy (AUP).
• The importance of employee training in promoting responsible AI use and putting into practice an AUP.
• AI risk assessments.
• Intellectual property (IP) in generative AI.
IBA Annual Conference Mexico City 2024
Apr 03, 2023
Besides the fact that due diligence procedures have been one of the main steps in mergers and acquisitions (M&A) and investment transactions, the need for an extended timetable to complete the diligence has been noted. This article explores why this may happen and how companies can predict and navigate this trend.
This very dynamic and well-attended session enables you to select from a menu of hot topics in the IP, communications, media and technology sectors and participate in roundtable discussions.
Topics of current interest are selected to stimulate a lively debate. Moderators on each table introduce the table topic, and the participants do the rest. Background knowledge or experience within areas for discussion is not required. Our menu will include hot and 'late breaking' topics in the areas of intellectual property law, internet law and mobile technologies, privacy and data protection, technology contracting and dispute resolution, arts law, media and space law.
Discussion is usually around the interface of law, business, technology and culture, with a global focus. Many topics for discussion are often the subject of considerable public and media interest. In participating in the table topics you will gain a deeper insight into these areas and be able to add your own comments.
The format is interactive networking. The session will provide you with a great opportunity to meet many other lawyers and to discuss topics of mutual interest with them: don't forget your business cards, ecards and contact details to share. We welcome new participants in these discussions.
Rotations
We will start with a brief introduction and have 3 rotations of 45 minutes each, with a break of 5 minutes between each rotation for people to wrap up discussions.
Session Co-Chairs: Eileen O’Gorman, Elisa Henry
The following topics will be discussed during the session, with the help of the respective moderators identified for each topic:
Topic 1:
The battle of IP
Which IP right - trademark, patent, copyright or design - gives you the best licensing play?
Table moderators: Camille Aubin, Sebastien Heim, Kelley Loo
Topic 2:
Look-alike products: are brand owners making a comeback?
This topic will cover some recent cases in several jurisdictions, including the recent UK cases of Thatcher’s v Aldi, Marks & Spencer v Aldi, and the Australian case of Hampden v Aldi, where brand owners have successfully used IP rights to stop look-alike and dupe products.
Table moderators: Hanna Tilus, Andrew Lustigman, Rebecca Dunn
Topic 3:
Geopolitical tensions and IP: from sanctions to technology transfer controls
A discussion on how trade restrictions, sanctions, and national security concerns impact IP strategy, licensing, and cross-border enforcement worldwide.
Table moderators: Sarah Drukarch, Jeffrey L Costellia
Topic 4:
Litigation funds in IP-contentious landscapes
High stakes patent litigation is particularly expensive, even when compared to other types of IP litigation. These cases rely heavily on expert evidence, which adds significant expense to legal fees. This is particularly true in the Anglo-Saxon jurisdictions, where recent data suggests that one-third of patent litigations are funded through third-party financing. Third-party financing will likely become more popular for patent litigation in Europe as well, given the expense of litigating UPC cases and the potential for jackpots arising out of pan-European damages assessments. It is increasingly popular for certain types of copyrights cases and could be of interest in class-action suits.
The experienced moderators will explore the status and prevalence of IP litigation financing in different jurisdictions, drawing on the experience of the participants who will share their experiences and insights. We will address ethical issues for lawyers, the impact financing can have on discovery, and whether it can affect valuations of patents by the courts, the impact it can have on determining who the true party with an interest in the litigation is, witness bias issues and regulatory frameworks, potential for abuse, among many other issues.
Table moderators: Francesca Ferrero, Bob Sotiriadis, Eduardo Arana Ramirez
Topic 5:
Jurisdiction without borders - cross-border IP litigation. Examining the long arm of European courts - the Electrolux effect
In this topic we will discuss the evolving reach of European courts in cross-border disputes, with a focus on recent long-arm jurisdiction rulings such as the Electrolux case and their implications for global litigants.
Table moderators: Özge Atılgan Karakulak, Ping Gu
Topic 6:
The future of lawyering: AI, innovation, and being human
The future of the legal profession isn’t just about AI, it’s about everything changing around it. From the rise of legal automation to shifting client demands, new service models, regulatory reforms, and the increasing importance of lawyer well-being, lawyering is being redefined from every angle.
This roundtable seeks to bring together lawyers across practice areas to discuss how we adapt to new tools, but also how we rethink our role as trusted advisors, ethical actors, and strategic thinkers in a constantly evolving world. What skills will tomorrow’s lawyers need? How do we deliver value in new ways? And how do we stay true to the core of our profession—even as everything around us changes?
Table moderators: Paulina Silva, Stefan Weidert
Topic 7:
Weaponising AI: legal challenges in defence and human rights protection
As defence sectors increasingly adopt artificial intelligence for surveillance, autonomous systems, and combat operations, legal frameworks are struggling to keep pace. This panel examines the critical legal questions surrounding the weaponisation of AI, including compliance with international humanitarian law, state responsibility for autonomous actions, and the protection of fundamental human rights during armed conflict. Legal experts will discuss the accountability in AI-enabled warfare, the challenges of enforcing human oversight, and the urgent need for frameworks and treaties to regulate emerging military technologies.
Table moderators: Doil Son, Nazar Chernyavsky
Topic 8:
Training and using gen-AI Models: intersections between the AI Act, intellectual property rights, and personal data protection
This table will discuss how the AI Act mandates transparency in AI systems, the potential for AI to be used in creating counterfeit products, and the risks of personal data breaches associated with AI technologies. The session aims to provide insights into the legal and regulatory challenges posed by these issues and offer strategies for mitigating associated risks.
Table moderators: Raphael Dana, Alexandra Neri, Simone Lahorgue Nunes
Topic 9:
Two-in-one: unlocking AI compliance through existing laws
In this roundtable, we'll explore internal compliance policies which regulate the use of AI. We will discuss how non-AI-specific laws, like data protection, cybersecurity, or medical device legislation can be leveraged to address AI Act compliance and broader AI use issues. By identifying synergies between existing risk assessments (e.g., DPIAs, cybersecurity, or medical device evaluations) and AI Act requirements, we'll demonstrate how to streamline compliance and deliver business value.
Table moderators: Yuval Horn, Elisabeth Vestin, Hannah Mugler
Topic 10:
EU Data Act – user rights to machine data
The EU Data Act marks a paradigm shift in how data from connected products and machines is handled. Starting in September 2025, all data generated during the use of a connected product, whether personal or non-personal, will belong to the user. OEMs will no longer have unrestricted access to this data. Instead, they must obtain explicit permission from users, typically in the form of a data-sharing agreement. This is not another data protection law. The Data Act aims to unlock the value of machine-generated data as a non-rivalrous asset, promoting innovation, competition, and the development of new business models. It is particularly aimed at the B2B-sector.
Topics for discussion:
- How can OEMs adapt to the new legal landscape?
- What new business models could emerge under the Data Act?
- How can users exercise their new rights to access data?
- Cloud switching made easy – what are the new rules?
Table moderators: Martin Schirmbacher, Marc Hilber
Topic 11:
AI-generated content labelling
This panel will discuss AI-generated content labelling, focusing on the regulatory approaches taken by China, the EU, and the US. It will foster a broader discussion on how other jurisdictions might address this issue, providing insights into the legal and regulatory challenges and offering strategies for mitigating associated risks.
Table moderators: Florencia Rosati, Erik Valgaeren, Sharon R. Klein
Topic 12:
Platform vs sovereign states: who’s the boss for communications infrastructure?
PENDING DESCRIPTION
Table moderators: Pascal Dutru, Christopher Millard, Kensuke Inoue
Topic 13:
What works best? Different approaches to regulating digital platforms across the globe
This roundtable will discuss the different approaches to regulating digital platforms that have been taken in different jurisdictions around the world. Topics will focus on whether sector specific regulation such as the EU’s Digital Markets Act (DMA) is necessary and whether it has the intended effects, or whether other laws, such as existing competition and consumer protection laws, are adequate to address market failures or consumer harms. Another area for debate will be whether regulatory focus should be on areas such as AI or the protection of minors, and how digital platforms regulation, if required at all, may be future proofed to address rapidly evolving technologies.
Table moderators: Innocenzo Genna, Violetta Kunze, Angela Flannery
Topic 14:
Mission: impossible – regulating truth without censorship
The topic will explore the legal tools used by countries use to regulate truth-telling in the media as well as the line to be drawn between demanding reliable and responsible reporting of the news and imposing censorship.
Table moderators: Gaurav G. Arora, Robert Balin, Dr. Anna Beke-Martos, Rajesh Sreenivasan
Topic 15:
The use of AI in art authentication and art appraisals
This table will discuss copyright protection of art created with AI.
Table moderators: Amelia Brankov, Massimo Sterpi
Topic 16:
IP rights in space / The use of AI in space / Militarisation of space
PENDING DESCRIPTION
Table moderators: Nana Adjoa Adobea Asante, Luca Iaboni, Paul Monaghan
IBA Annual Conference Toronto 2025
Apr 03, 2023
Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) transactions are growing rapidly in Brazil and are becoming increasingly complex and detailed. This article aims to present some precautions and safeguards that sellers must take into account when negotiating the terms of share purchase agreements (SPA), regarding the risks of default of the buyer’s obligation to pay the purchase price.
Can new legislation around the globe assist to prevent the spread of information intended to deceive, or will traditional enforcement mechanisms hold sway in preventing dissemination of hate speech, fake news and propaganda, facilitation of counterfeit and stolen goods and objects of art, as well as infringement of Internet Protocol (IP) through the use of Artificial intelligence (AI).
This panel will look at the following issues:
- Does regulation combat misinformation, or encourage censorship;
- What mechanisms are in place to prevent altered or falsified satellite images;
- How can actors and artists prevent infringement of their images and IP rights through the use of AI?
- And what can be done to prevent the infringement of trademark rights or unfair competition through false association between brands and entities?
IBA Annual Conference Toronto 2025
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