This moderated panel will provide a range of perspectives on some of the key issues currently affecting mining in Africa, including environmental, social and other land justice issues in the mining sector and mine affected communities; the critical need to retain and maintain a social license to operate in Africa; the fact that Africa contains some of the key commodities for meeting projected worldwide demand for critical minerals; and the practical challenges of how to create effective government and community engagement and partnerships while avoiding the pitfalls of recourse to international arbitration.