As digital platforms increasingly function as essential gateways to online markets and consumers, ensuring fair access and effective interoperability has become a central concern for competition enforcement and regulation. This panel will explore the evolving legal and economic dimensions of access terms – —particularly how dominant platforms set conditions for business users, third-party developers, and competitors. Key topics include the tension between privacy and data portability, self-preferencing and discriminatory access, the role of application programming interfaces (APIs) and technical standards in enabling (or impeding) interoperability, and how the Digital Markets Act (DMA) reshapes obligations for gatekeepers in this context. With recent enforcement actions and legislative developments across the EU and globally, the discussion will assess how regulators and courts are balancing innovation incentives with the need to prevent digital foreclosure and preserve open digital ecosystems.