Institutional investors can play a crucial role in driving ESG. Most institutional investors own significant stakes in companies which naturally gives them the power to influence decision making strategy. This panel will discuss how investors engage with companies through first, including ESG in their investment analysis and second, through shareholder meetings, dialogues and proxy voting to support or propose resolutions related to ESG. We will focus on emerging dilemma’s for boards of listed companies, such as how to deal with NGO’s using shareholder meetings as a platform to advocate their cause and put pressure on management; the tension between capital markets’ profitability expectations and investors’ ESG’s expectations; disclosure of ESG ambitions vs. exposure to shareholder litigation; and how boards can leverage external pressure and momentum to transform their business model.