The panel will explore the continuing intensity of antitrust enforcement in both digital and traditional industries outside the scope of the Digital Markets Act, with a particular focus on recent and emerging cases under Article 102 TFEU. Speakers will examine key themes shaping current practice, including the European Commission’s evolving approach to exclusionary and exploitative conduct, the anticipated impact of the Commission’s forthcoming guidelines on exclusionary abuses and the implications of major judicial developments, such as the General Court’s Android judgment for enforcement priorities and standards of proof. Against this backdrop, the discussion will assess how authorities are adapting established abuse frameworks to complex digital ecosystems, differentiated business models and evolving theories of harm, and what these trends mean for companies operating across multiple jurisdictions.