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The current era of technology and reachable-everywhere-and-anytime lawyers imposed its rules. This wide adoption of instant messaging in some of the Middle East jurisdictions, including the UAE, has been encouraged and regularized by legislation and court decisions that afforded validity and evidentiary weight to instant messaging and electronic communications on equal footing with conventional means of communication and written documentation.
Tour details
• Date: 5 June 2026
• Pick-up time and location:1630 (near Lisbon historic city centre)
• Duration: Approximately 2 hours
• Price: €35 per person (VAT included)
• Booking deadline: 26 May 2026
How to book
Please contact Tuk Guide Portugal directly:
• Email: reservas@tukguideportugal.pt
• WhatsApp: +351 919 920 000
When booking, please quote the following booking reference and also provide the details below:
• Booking reference: IBA05062026
• Full name
• Contact phone number
• Address and preferred pick-up location
The tour company will then send payment instructions directly to you.
12th Annual IBA World Life Sciences Conference
Apr 14, 2026
This paper assesses the evidentiary value of WhatsApp and SMS screenshots – and, by analogy, ordinary unsigned emails – in Italian civil litigation. Courts treat such communications as ‘mechanical reproductions’ under Article 2712 of the Italian Civil Code, giving them full probative effect unless their conformity is specifically disavowed. The paper summarises the impact of disavowal and the main routes to prove authenticity (verification proceedings, court-appointed forensic analysis, presumptions, and witness evidence), and briefly discusses their use to support applications for payment orders and, in stricter cases, provisionally enforceable injunctions.
IBA Annual Conference Paris 2023
Jun 10, 2021
Following widespread abuses, demonstrators are determined to get rid of the military and protests are paralysing Myanmar. Global Insight assesses the toll on the country and the need for a swift international response.
Aug 07, 2017
The International Bar Association’s Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) is delighted to inform that eleven talented young Myanmar lawyers have been selected as recipients of the IBA Developing Bar Programme Award to attend the IBA Annual Conference, which will take place in Sydney, Australia, from 8 to 13 October 2017.
The chaos caused by what police believe was a lone man’s killing of four people near Westminster in London has once again stirred the debate on the boundaries of the law and the remit of government bodies intended to prevent terror attacks.
At the centre of the debate is messenger service WhatsApp, which the attacker is thought to have used minutes before driving a car onto the busy pedestrian lane on Westminster Bridge.
Jul 04, 2019
The International Bar Association’s Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) today announces the release of a report on a trial observation conducted in Myanmar into the proceedings taken against four accused charged with the murder of U Ko Ni, a prominent lawyer.
Oct 27, 2021
On 27 October 2021, members of the High Level Panel, consisting of prominent lawyers, raised concerns about recent reports of lawyers representing several political leaders in Myanmar being barred from speaking about the trials.
Jul 27, 2022
The IBAHRI condemns the junta’s execution of four men in Myanmar after being tried, convicted and sentenced to death by closed-door military tribunals. Myanmar state media reported the deaths on 25 July 2022.
Dec 08, 2021
On 6 December 2021, members of the High-Level Panel, consisting of prominent lawyers, reiterated their concerns regarding the trials of political leaders in Myanmar - State Counsellor Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and President U Win Myint - as failing to meet minimum fair trial standards established under international law.
Feb 22, 2021
Early on 1 February, hours before the first session of the newly elected parliament, Myanmar’s military arrested government officials and lawmakers, and seized control of the country. Citing election fraud, the generals ended the country’s experiment with democracy and declared a year-long state of emergency.
The Bar Issues Commission has compiled a list of organisations that are responsible for regulating the legal profession around the world.
Apr 29, 2026
Collective redress mechanisms in competition law serve the objectives of providing access to justice for those harmed by anti-competitive conduct, improving judicial efficiency in managing the volume of claims generated by systemic infringements and deterrence. While public enforcement imposes fines paid into the public treasury, victims receive no direct compensation. Therefore, private enforcement operates not as a substitute, but as an indispensable complement to public enforcement activities. Where opt-out collective actions are available, compensation becomes feasible at scale; where they do not exist, rational apathy prevails in regard to low-value claims per capita or alternative aggregation devices put a strain judicial resources. This paper examines the potential that the European Union’s Representative Actions Directive, would have had to overcome the obstacles of the different modes of aggregative litigation (claims bundling and assignment) had it included competition law within its scope. Aside from this gap, other challenges related to European private law are put forward, as they need to be tackled to ensure the effectiveness of competition law.
Jan 09, 2024
This article reviews the recent European Union regulations, namely the Digital Services Act and the Digital Markets Act which regulate digital platforms with operations in Europe, from different perspectives. Likewise, the article revises some regulatory projects in Brazil and the United States, before turning to Argentina, where the regulation of the intermediaries’ responsibility is an issue of current relevance. Due to the lack of an ex-ante regulation regarding these topics, this article goes over some of the cases treated with consumer protection regulations as well as with antitrust law and data privacy provisions.
Like many countries around the world, Nigeria was forced to impose a lockdown in Lagos (Nigeria’s commercial hub) and Abuja (Nigeria’s capital city) to combat the spread of Covid-19. The government’s ban on public gatherings and interstate travel resulted in the judiciary’s suspension of court sittings from March to May 2020, except for hearings of cases that were considered urgent, essential or time-bound.
The landscape for potential human rights abuses by digital surveillance is changing as the methods used grow ever more powerful. Global Insight considers this evolution and the need for regulatory frameworks to adapt.
Dec 21, 2023
India is increasingly becoming a key jurisdiction for foreign investment. To keep the momentum going, the Indian government has consistently attempted to keep the business environment friendly and less burdensome. This includes: a reduction in corporate tax rates; easing the liquidity problems of non-banking financial corporations and banks; foreign direct investment policy reforms; and easing compliance norms – all with the aim of promoting ‘ease of doing business in India’. After more than a decade, India’s competition law has recently been amended, bringing about key changes that will impact businesses. The 2023 Amendments to the Indian Competition Act 2002 (the Act) introduce changes that several antitrust jurisdictions are still considering. The 2023 Amendments are a mixed bag of changes: several are business friendly – such as commitments and settlements, expedited merger review timelines and introducing a leniency-plus regime – while others aim to achieve greater regulatory oversight and stricter enforcement, such as deal value thresholds, penalties on global turnover and increased liability for hubs in ‘hub-and-spoke’ cartels. The Competition Commission of India (CCI), the body entrusted with the responsibility to nurture and maintain well-functioning markets that facilitate the growth manifested by the Indian government, must adopt a balanced approach to ensure that competition enforcement does not get in the way of ‘economic growth’ as envisaged under the Preamble of the Act. This article examines the impact of the 2023 Amendments on the Indian market. In particular, the writers examine the CCI’s approach in adopting these tools and tailor it according to the requirements of the Indian economy.
Aug 20, 2024
With regulators around the world stepping up their focus on off-channel communications, all businesses must ensure they’ve appropriate policies and procedures in place, as In-House Perspective reports.
Jan 23, 2023
Last autumn, US antitrust agencies blocked a proposed deal between two major book publishers. Global Insight examines the case in the context of the activist approach being taken by regulators, especially towards Big Tech.
The approach currently adopted by competition authorities around the world against so-called big tech hides two main risks, namely the delay in respect of innovation processes that may cause the actions undertaken turn out to be vain and the antitrust over-enforcement. This second feature, particularly, is strictly related to the position that enforcers are prone to adopt on competition law goals, which debate has massively re-emerged in the present context
The continued proliferation of disinformation online – often referred to as ‘fake news’ – has this summer led to increased scrutiny and action from governments.
May 04, 2026
Recent Italian case law decisions spanned from considering the impact of increasingly digital workplaces on trade union rights to re-examining traditional union representation and recognition principles. In two 2026 decisions the Court of Cassation clarified that digital consultation methods may satisfy statutory obligations, provided that substantive participation is preserved. Together, these rulings reflect a consistent judicial approach: procedural forms may evolve, but the core functions of representation and collective negotiation must remain intact. Running in parallel, the Constitutional Court’s October 2025 ruling on Article 19 of the Workers’ Statute reshaped the criteria for workplace union recognition by rejecting exclusive dependence on company‑level bargaining participation as the sole gateway to RSA status and grounding representation rights in objective measures of union national representativeness.
Jun 22, 2022
This article considers Pakistan’s crackdown on social media giants such as Facebook, Twitter and TikTok, and the relationship between these restrictions and the right to freedom of expression.
Oct 12, 2021
In this article we look at the growth of data breach class actions in the UK and Europe following the coming into force of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). We also consider regulatory activity in the data protection field and the links between investigations and recent class actions. Looking to the future we ask whether current trends are likely to continue, highlighting some powerful policy statements made by the English Court of Appeal in support of data breach class actions, and conclude with a few words on litigation funding and its role in facilitating these kinds of cases.
The article examines the Competition Commission of India’s (CCI) decisional practice in cases of abuse of dominance in relation to big tech companies. The authors note that the CCI has adopted a cautious approach, and has on certain occasions expressed its reluctance in early intervention in a nascent sector. The article examines the need for the CCI to be driven by a fact-based approach in light of the jurisprudence from other mature regulators.
IBA Global Insight June/July 2017. Terrorism and the law: tech companies central to government response; IBA partners with UN for global anti-torture initiative; ‘Vigilant’ French law introduces duty of care for large companies
IBA Global Insight October/November 2018 -Russian corruption: growing calls for tougher sanctions to combat ‘dirty’ money; The United Kingdom has long been recognised as a favoured destination for wealthy Russian investors, but the flow of ‘dirty money’ from Russia is tainting the country’s reputation. It is increasingly viewed as a safe haven for the Kremlin’s coffers, according to a recent report by the UK House of Commons’ Foreign Affairs Committee
Jul 01, 2020
By Richard V. Singleton and Godofredo Mendes Vianna. From the Chairs - Maritime and Transport Law Committee newsletter article, July 2020
Jun 16, 2021
An exponential rise in online abuse and harassment has necessitated governments to step up online regulation.
Apr 04, 2025
The panel has provided attendees with insights and practical advice on navigating civil and commercial litigation in Latin American jurisdictions. The speakers offered essential guidance to help on the successful management of legal disputes in the complex landscape of Latin American law.
Apr 14, 2026
This article deals with the growing reliance on digital evidence in contemporary litigation and the challenges surrounding its admissibility. It highlights the tension between the technical authenticity of electronic records and the legality of the methods used to obtain them. The article examines the need for courts to assess not only the reliability of digital evidence but also the fairness, privacy implications, and legitimacy of its collection.
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